Changes in the cryosphere among other things, challenge the stability of our present time, i.e., the Holocene - a 10,000-year era that followed the retreat of glaciers from mid-latitudes. The shrinking of the cryosphere has implications for water availability, food security, energy and public (…)

One of the interrelated components of the Earth’s system, the cryosphere includes snow cover, floating ice, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, seasonally frozen ground and perennially frozen ground (permafrost). It is thus distinguished by negative or zero temperature (°C), and the presence of (…)